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The MACD, or the Moving Average Convergence Divergence, is probably the most popular technical indicator. Almost every trader has traded the MACD at the beginning of his trading career, and some even continue to use it later on. In this article we will describe the origins of the MACD, its calculation and the markets it functions well.

Calculation
The MACD is calculated with 3 EMAs: 12-days EMA, 26-days EMA and 9-days EMA. The main MACD value is calculated by subtracting the 26-days EMA from the 12-days EMA. A 9-days EMA is then calculated on the MACD, to produce a signal line.

Main MACD = EMA[12] – EMA[26]
Signal MACD = EMA[9] of MACD

MACD

Orientation
The MACD is in essence a trend-following indicator. It uses Exponential Moving Averages which are a traditional trend-following mechanisms.

Trading Methods
There are several trading methods to be used with the MACD indicator. The simplest of all is thecross method.

The basis of the cross method is the cross of the MACD signal line by the main, faster line. Examples:

MACD Cross

MACD Cross

Another trading method is the Divergence. The basis of this trading method is a diversion between price and MACD – that indicates that price and MACD does not correlate. Traders take trades hoping that price will reverse in the direction of the MACD.

Examples:

MACD DivergencePrice and MACD does not correlate – Short Divergence Signal

MACD Divergence TradePrice and MACD does not correlate – Short Divergence Signal

The 3rd trading method with MACD is the Moving Average Bounce, also known as the Zero-Line-Reject. The basis of this method is the following: MACD value is reaching the value of zero, and suddenly reverse in direction. The technical idea behind the trade is that the 12-days EMA is bouncing off the 26-days EMA.

Examples for Trades:

MACD BounceMACD came close to zero line and bounced – signaling a long trade.

These three methods are the strongest trading methods to incorporate the MACD indicator – and they are useful not only in FOREX but any commodity.

It is advisable to trade and experiment with these methods on demo account before risking your own money.